基于空中走廊的多机编队飞行路径规划
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中国民航大学 空中交通管理学院,天津, 300300

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Multi-aircraft formation flight path planning based on air corridor
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College of Air Traffic Management, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China

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    摘要:

    编队飞行可以有效减少飞机运行成本,增加空域容量。以三机编队为研究对象,首先确定了3号机在编队中的危险区域和最优位置。然后基于飞机性能和粒子群算法,提出了不改变1和2号机路径的3号机编队方案,揭示了3号机起降机场位置对编队集结点、分离点的影响规律。最后以霍夫变换和DBSCAN聚类算法处理大圆航线,得到作为初始解的空中走廊,然后使用鲸鱼优化算法进行优化,并建立辅助走廊,为大规模编队路径规划问题提供了可行的方案。研究表明:3号机与1号机的纵向距离为6000m时,3号机的编队最优位置在横向距离-57m或114m处,3号机的最优位置受到1号机和2号机重量的影响。当3号机起飞机场或着陆机场与编队航线所在大圆的距离不变时,最优集结角或最优分离角基本不变。以827个跨太平洋航班为例,通过霍夫变换和DBSCAN聚类,得到了5条空中走廊。在起飞和着陆机场与空中走廊的距离阈值为300km时,可使用走廊的航班百分比达到了54.17%。经过鲸鱼算法的优化,百分比增加至64.33%。

    Abstract:

    Formation flight can effectively reduce aircraft operating costs and increase airspace capacity. Taking the three-aircraft formation as the research object, the dangerous area and the optimal position of the No. 3 aircraft in the formation were determined first. Then, based on the aircraft performance and particle swarm optimization algorithm, the formation scheme of No. 3 aircraft without changing the path of No. 1 and No. 2 aircraft was proposed, and the influence law of the airport location of No. 3 aircraft on the formation assembly point and separation point was revealed. Finally, Hough transform and DBSCAN clustering algorithm were used to process the great circle route, and the air corridor was obtained as the initial solution, and then the whale optimization algorithm was used to optimize it, and the auxiliary corridor was established, which provided a feasible solution for the path planning problem of large-scale formation. The results show that when the longitudinal distance between No. 3 aircraft and No. 1 aircraft is 6000m, the optimal position of the formation of No. 3 is -57m or 114m, and the optimal position of No. 3 is affected by the weight of No. 1 and No. 2. When the distance between the takeoff or landing airport of No. 3 aircraft and the great circle of the formation route is constant, the optimal assembly Angle or the optimal separation Angle is basically unchanged. Taking 827 trans-Pacific flights as an example, five air corridors were obtained through Hough transform and DBSCAN clustering. When the threshold of distance between the take-off and landing airport and the air corridor is 300km, the percentage of flights that can use the corridor reaches 54.17%. After the optimization of the whale optimization algorithm, the percentage increased to 64.33%.

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温瑞英,何家兴,刘文瀚,王红勇.基于空中走廊的多机编队飞行路径规划[J].南京航空航天大学学报,,():

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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-07-05
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