Constructing a ground-air integrated quantitative evaluation method for airport thunderstorm impact intensity， and studying the characterization method and evolution characteristics of airport flight operation resilience under the influence of thunderstorms can provide theoretical references for airports to cope with different thunderstorm weather processes， and improve the safety and efficiency of airport operations. Firstly， a thunderstorm impact intensity index combining ground thunderstorm intensity （based on the EU weather algorithm ATMAP） and airborne thunderstorm intensity （based on the convective weather airspace obstruction probability model） is proposed， in which the ATMAP algorithm mainly relies on the METAR message data， and the convective weather airspace obstruction probability model is based on the meteorological radar data. Secondly， the flight departure rate is taken as a key metric to establish a resilience evaluation model that adapts to the characteristics of thunderstorms. Finally， the hierarchical clustering algorithm is used to categorize the thunderstorm weather and analyze the toughness evolution characteristics of different types of thunderstorms. Taking the thunderstorm weather process of Xi’an airport during 2018—2021 as the research object， the results show that： When the thunderstorm impact intensity index reaches 0.09， it starts to affect the flight operation performance of the airport； the toughness assessment model can accurately reflect the toughness process of the airport； using the hierarchical clustering algorithm to categorize the thunderstorm weather process into two categories with non negative general resilience index of 13.037 and 71.808， respectively； and under the impact of high-intensity， high-volatility， and fast-growing thunderstorms， airports with lower non-negative comprehensive resilience indices are more resilient.