In response to the need for evaluating the impact resistance of high-temperature resin-based composites at both room temperature and 350 ℃， a novel impact testing method at high temperature is developed to overcome conventional challenges such as poor temperature control and damage to furnace components. Using spherical projectiles and blade-simulating specimens， high-temperature impact tests are successfully conducted on carbon-fiber composite targets. X-ray computed tomography is employed to elucidate the damage and failure mechanisms under elevated-temperature impact. Results show that， under the selected processing conditions， the ballistic limit velocity of the carbon-fiber composite target at room temperature is approximately 150 m/s； the proposed method enables stable and repeatable impact testing at 350 ℃ for both projectile types. At 350 ℃， the composite exhibits a about 9.3% reduction in tensile strength and a about 34.0% increase in fracture strain compared with room temperature. Despite these changes， the overall impact resistance remains comparable between the two temperature conditions. This study provides critical experimental evidence and theoretical support for the design and optimization of high-temperature composite protective structures.