The quality information management of aviation equipment is a key link in the aviation equipment manufacturing industry， which directly affects the safety and stability of aviation equipment. In order to solve the problem of traceability of aviation equipment quality information， this paper designs a full lifecycle traceability mechanism for aviation equipment quality and an alliance chain network structure for aviation equipment quality management based on blockchain technology. This study intends to achieve secure storage and information sharing of aviation equipment quality information. The provenance vocabulary （ProVOC） model is used to construct the full life cycle information chain of aviation equipment quality， recording the quality information of aviation equipment at various stages of design， production， inspection， and transportation. Finally， an aviation equipment quality traceability architecture and a traceability operation process based on blockchain technology are designed. This paper provides a new solution for the quality information management of aviation equipment， which helps to improve the level of aviation equipment quality management and enhance the performance and reliability of aviation equipment.