The impact damage area of fiber reinforced polymer （FRP） laminates is the main characterization parameter to measure the severity of damage. In this paper， the impact damage process is divided into four stages according to the damage evolution characteristics. The energy threshold of initial delamination damage of FRP laminates is calculated based on the spring-mass model. Then， a set of control experiments are used to determine the change rate of damage area with impact energy. Finally， an empirical estimation model of impact damage area is established. The impact test data of three different materials are selected and statistically verified in turn. The comparative analysis shows that the prediction model has good prediction accuracy and is simple in calculation.