A distributed vibration control method based on the consensus theory is proposed for vibration suppression of satellite solar panels. Firstly， the dynamic model of the whole structure of the solar panels for distributed control is established based on the definition of intelligent components. Then， according to the graph theory and the consensus theory， a distributed controller is designed to suppress the vibration of the panels， and the controller consists of a feed-back stabilization component and a consensus coordination component. Based on the Lyapunov theory， the stability and robust fault tolerance of the closed-loop system are analyzed. Finally， numerical examples under different conditions are designed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed distributed control method. The simulation results show that the distributed vibration control method based on the consensus theory can effectively suppress the vibration of satellite solar panels， improve the dynamic performance of the closed-loop system， and has good robust fault tolerance.