Based on the measured dynamic response data of the runway of Denver International Airport for five years， this paper analyzes the characteristics of strain and displacement at the corner and the edge of pavement under taxiing state of various types of aircraft， and further analyzes the law of compression deformation of the concrete pavement surface in different runway structural layers for many years. The results show that the peak strain of the pavement surface corresponds to the number of main landing gear axles for the aircraft with different landing gears.The dynamic strain peak of the concrete pavement changes little with the increase of the operating period， which is related to the type of aircraft. For the B737 aircraft ， the tensile strain at the bottom of the pavement is less than the compressive strain at the top of the pavement， but the tensile strain at the bottom of the pavement is greater than the compressive strain at the top of the pavement for the B747 and B777 aircraft. These indicate that the damage of the concrete pavement caused by large aircraft is more serious. The dynamic response of the base layer is the most sensitive among the structural layers of the runway. The compression deformation fluctuates violently and the compression rate is the largest， while the compression deformation amount and compression rate of the subcrust and foundation tend to be stable with the operating period. Therefore， it is suggested that the corner and edge of the pavement should be mainly treated during the design and construction of airport runway.