The impact resistance of composite materials has been widely valued, and corrugated beams are widely used in aircraft spar and helicopter floor structures that often collide due to their excellent buckling-resistant configuration. The buckling analysis of corrugated composite beams is performed, and the effect of height on the failure mode of corrugated beams is studied. A single-wave continuous damage model for composite corrugated beams is established. The damage stiffness matrix with damage factors is established in the layers based on the Hashin criterion. The damage evolution is simulated between the layers according to the quadratic nominal stress criterion and B-K criterion. The burst test verifies the correctness of the model. Based on the single-wave analysis model, the energy absorption characteristics of multi-wave structures are studied by applying periodic boundary conditions and antisymmetric boundary conditions.