The damage area is one of the main characterization parameters of the extent of the damage in the composite laminates after the low-velocity impact. Based on the BP artificial neural network of three-layer topological structure, this paper establishes a rapid estimation model of damage area with the impact energy and the depth of indentation as input parameters. After training the BP neural network model with the test sample data, other sample data are simulated and verified. Through the comparative analysis, it is considered that the damage area estimation model has sufficient generalization ability of experimental data, and its estimation accuracy and efficiency can fulfill the requirements. It provides a new and effective method for estimating the damage area of composite laminates after low-velocity impact.