By using aerodynamic optimization exploration for aircraft′s engineering application, a high-lift system is designed in this paper. Firstly, the overall design of high-lift devices, which consist of aerodynamic performance, the layout on spanwise and chordwise directions, is proposed based on relevant aircraft parameters. In 2-D high-lift design, a parametric design/optimization exploration for a 2-D three-element airfoil consisted of a slat, a main wing, and a flap is carried out. The exploration describes single-element airfoil shape parameterized by NURBS curves, and selects three-element airfoil configurations with excellent aerodynamic performance both for take-off and landing conditions by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique and optimization algorithms. According to spanwise and chordwise layouts, a number of key cross-sections are selected to generate 3-D high-lift device in accordance with the three-element airfoil optimization results. And 3-D high-lift aerodynamic characteristics are analyzed to make sure it meets the given aerodynamic requirements. The aerodynamic performance analysis shows that the high-lift device satisfies the predetermined design requirements, and the aerodynamic optimization design exploration for civil aircraft′s high-lift system provides reference for engineering application.