Inflow temperature distortion is an influential factor to determine the stable work margin of aero-engine. In current paper, an overview of temperature distortion introduction mechanism is first reviewed. Fundamental study concerning temperature distortion introduction mechanism is presented. Summarization is given about influence of temperature distortion on propulsion component characteristics and the aero-engine overall performance. Then comparative study is made based on currently applied temperature distortion simulation devices as well as their operation mechanisms. Progress made in both fundamental and applied research with the aid of temperature distortion simulation devices is introduced. In addition, inflow temperature distortion assessment methodology as well as corresponding standard is introduced with highlight on key techniques concerning temperature distortion test. Finally, techniques to mitigate temperature distortion on aero-engine are summarized and trade study is made upon those techniques. Aero-engine temperature distortion research will provide guidance for engine temperature resistance design and test.