过渡状态倾转旋翼气动力模拟的高效CFD方法
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HighlyEfficient CFD Method for Predicting Aerodynamic Force of Tiltrotor in Conversion Mode
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    摘要:

    为显著减少倾转旋翼过渡飞行时气动力CF D模拟的计算代价,提出并建立了适合倾转旋翼过渡状态气动特性分析的高效混合CFD方 法。首先,提出了适合于过渡状态模拟的嵌套网格系统,并发展了相应的挖洞和贡献单元搜 寻方法。在此基础上,结合叶素理论和动量理论建立了旋翼气动力模拟的简化虚拟桨盘模拟 方法(Virtual rotor model, VBM)。为了能够分析倾转旋翼气动力的细节特性,多层运动嵌套网格系统和 单指令多数据流(Single program multiple data, SPMD)并 行技术被引入来建立精确的旋翼模拟方法(Real blade model, RBM)。然后,通过将VBM和RBM方法结合,构建 了适合倾转旋翼过渡状态气动特性分析的高效(Hybrid blade model, HBM)方法。最后,通过对有试验值对比的悬停 状态典型旋翼和7A旋翼分别验证了VBM和RBM方法的有效性。分别采用3种方法预测了过渡状 态不同倾转角下旋翼的气动特性,VBM表现出最优的计算效率,能用于倾转旋翼总体气动性 能的分析。HBM方法在保证流场求解精度的基础上,相对于高精度的RBM方法节省了1/3的计算时间。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at reducing the calculation amount of the CFD simulation on aerodynamic f orce of tiltrotor in transition flight, a new highlyeffective hybrid CFD metho d is proposed. An embedded grid system with the corresponding digginghole and donor elemen t searching method is presented. By combination of blade element theory and mome ntum theory, a simplified momentum source technology, i.e. virtual rotor model (VBM) is established. In order to analyze the details of aerodynamic force of the tilt rotor in transition flight, the multilayer embedded grid system and the single program multiple data (SPMD) m odel parallel acceleration technology are adopted in the real blade model (RBM). Then, a highlyefficient hybrid blade model (HBM) is established by combining VBM and RBM methods. Finally, a typical rotor and 7A rotor are taken as numerical exa mples to verify the validity of VBM and RBM respectively, and the aerodyn amic force of tiltrotor in transition flight with different tiltangles is ana lyzed by three methods also. It is demonstrated that VBM shows the most optimal efficiency in the simulation of the aerodynamic characteristics of the tiltrotor in conversion. Onethird computatio n time is saved by the HBM method compared with the RBM method with the guaranteed accuracy of the flow solver.

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李鹏 招启军 汪正中 王博.过渡状态倾转旋翼气动力模拟的高效CFD方法[J].南京航空航天大学学报,2015,47(2):

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  • 在线发布日期: 2015-04-29
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