To meet the monitoring requirements for a certain type of tower-mounted wind turbine blade， a structural monitoring method based on a fiber Bragg grating （FBG） sensing network is proposed. A three-dimensional model of the blade is established and finite element simulation is conducted to obtain the strain distribution under operational conditions. The design of FBG packaging and layout scheme enables real-time monitoring of strain values and their variations at each sensing point. Through fast Fourier transform analysis of the vibration characteristics， the influence of environmental factors such as temperature and wind speed on the reliability of the monitoring system is investigated. The results indicate that the strain-vibration testing method based on FBG can effectively monitor the blade’s response to wind pressure and vibration frequency， with an error range within 0.04 Hz， thus meeting the requirements for practical engineering applications.