As an important part of the spacecraft automatic precision detection system， the theodolite high-precision vertical movement system is used to carry the electronic theodolite for one-dimensional movement in the vertical direction， and to ensure the stability of the lifting process. In this paper， the main bearing system， the vertical lifting system， the counterweight system and the control system are designed to ensure the reliability and stability of the overall bearing platform. The test results of system positioning accuracy， straightness and other parameters meet the expected indexes. The system has been put into use in the spacecraft automatic precision detection system and operates stably，which effectively ensures that the comprehensive error of the detection system is within the allowable range and improves the reliability of the detection system.