The development of vertical take-off and landing launch vehicle is a fusion of aerospace and aviation technology. Compared with the traditional expendable launch vehicle, its development is an innovation of the general design concept of launch vehicle. Combined the actual project development, this article from the perspective of the general design of the launch vehicle, research the secondary stage separation, propellant management ,aerodynamics design, the ballistic optimization design of risk assessment and analysis of constraints of the vertical take-off and landing rockets. The differences and difficulties of general design between vertical take-off and landing launch vehicles and traditional launch vehicle are analyzed. At the same time, this paper considers the general design of the vertical take-off and landing vehicle and gives suggestions. Conventional rocket mature design theory and technology need to increase new constraints and improvement, so that they can be applied to design vertical take-off and landing launch vehicle.