In order to further improve the mechanical properties of 316L stainless steel parts formed by laser selective melting， 316L stainless steel powder was added with LaB₆ rare earth material， and its influence on the microstructure， microhardness， tensile properties and wear resistance of the formed samples was analyzed. The results show that： The selective laser melting （SLM） forming process window of 316L stainless steel with a small amount of LaB₆ added is offset， and the laser power density could be further reduced when the same dense parts are obtained； the added LaB₆ rare earth material changes the melting behavior of 316L material molten pool， refines the average crystal grains， and improves the microhardness， tensile strength， yield strength and wear resistance.