To research the effects of wind turbine airfoil shape on icing progress and its resulting aerodynamic characteristics changes, Euler's method and heat and mass transfer principle are used to establish the blade icing process mathematical model and the icing process is numerically simulated. The NH02 series airfoil families are taken as an example, the airfoil curvature characteristic model is formed, the influence mechanism of the vital parameters, such as the maximum thickness, on icing quantity are researched. Ice shapes and positions are numerically predicted at different icing conditions, and the law of the lift and drag characteristics of clean and icing airfoils is investigated. The results show that the icing quantity is positively correlated with the blade thickness and the maximum thickness position. Significantly, the ice accretion results in a 5%―20% reduction in lift coefficient, and the drag coefficient is 1.4―2.45 times of a clean airfoil. Icing causes the airfoil stall attack angle to become smaller, and the airfoil enters a stall state earlier.