Aiming at the complexity of the environment in discrete workshop and the existence of the external disturbance factors, the real-time planning method of material distribution path based on the improved genetic algorithm is put forward. Based on the material distribution mode of work center, the material distribution environment in discrete manufacturing workshop is analyzed, and the diversity of the material distribution parameters is proposed. On this basis, the material distribution model based on the real-time environment of the workshop is set up with the minimum material distribution cost as the optimization goal, combined with the material distribution time windows. The improved genetic algorithm is used to solve the model . The feasibility and effectiveness of the model are verified by the example.